Solar cell operation 
related topics: Solar cells,
Solar cells,
part of electronics |
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An animation of
electricty being generated in a solar cell
A solar cell then, is a piece of
semiconductor made from a p-type layer and an n-type layer connected by an
external circuit. The most common materials used for this purpose are silicon
doped with boron and phosphorus, although there are many other combinations that
are used, Solar cell animation |
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Electrons and holes
moving to create a p-n junction
When semiconductor material, regardless of
its doping, is exposed to light of sufficient energy, the light will give some
electrons in the crystal enough energy to escape from the lattice and move
around. This leaves a hole behind that also moves |
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Electrons and holes
Conduction electrons, hole and semiconductor current |
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How
photovoltaics work |
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HOW
SOLAR ELECTRIC WORKS A flash demo how solar
panel works, swf file |
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Maximum Power Point
Tracking |
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Energy levels in semiconductors
Energy levels in semiconductors, swf file |
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Photoelectric effect
A freshly polished, negatively charged zinc plate looses its charge if it is
exposed to ultraviolet light. This phenomenon is called the photoelectric effect |
| Photo-electric
effect
study
the photo-electric effect with three different materials, sodium, cesium, and silver |
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Photoelectric effect
This applet shows you the effect of light on various metals,
Photoelectric effect |
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Photoelectric effect
Photoelectric effect |
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Photovoltaic Cells |
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Photovoltaic Cells Photovoltaic Cells |
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Photovoltaic
Electricity
This animation illustrates how a solar cell cut from a single
crystal of Silicon is able to convert sunlight into electricity. The bottom
layer is doped with a P type material such as Aluminum, Gallium or Indium to
produce holes. The N type layer is doped with Phosphorous, Arsenic or Antimony
to create mobile electrons |
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Solar cell animation
Solar cell animation |
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Solar cell animation
Alternative energy sources- Electricity by solar radiation |
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Solar cell operation
Photovoltaic Electricity |
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Solar cell operation
solar cells convert light energy into electrical energy either indirectly by first converting it into heat, or through a direct process known as the photovoltaic effect. The most common types of solar cells are based on the
photovoltaic effect, which occurs when light falling on a two-layer semiconductor material produces a potential difference, or voltage, between the
two layers |
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Solar
Cell Operation Solar cells convert light energy into electrical energy
either indirectly by first converting it into heat, or through a direct process
known as the photovoltaic effect. The most common types of solar cells are based
on the photovoltaic effect, which occurs when light falling on a two-layer
semiconductor material produces a potential difference, or voltage, between the
two layers |
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Solar cell
demonstration applet |
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Solar cell
simulator Solar cell simulator |
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Solar
cells movie
Watch an animation of a dye-sensitised cell in action,
swf file |
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Solar
installations Photo Voltaic (PV) cells |
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Solar
battery
how a Solar battery works, If light hits the semiconductor to which
pn is connected, the hall and the electron appear, and it becomes a battery |
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Solar cell how a Solar cell works, Solar cell animation |
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Solar cell animation
When energy is received from the sun in the form of photons, some
of the photons are absorbed near the junction, freeing the electrons and
holes in the silicon. The photons of light give enough energy for the electrons
to cross the junction, where they can be picked up on the metal contacts on the
surface of the solar cell and move through an external circuit. After moving
through the external circuit and performing work (such as powering a lamp or
motor) the electrons return to the solar cell |
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Solar cell animations and calculations |
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Solar Cells
Photodiodes and solar cells work in the reverse sense to LEDs.
If a photon of sufficient energy strikes the valence band in the transition
region ( also known as the diffusion region ) of the diode, an electron can be
promoted to the conduction band by the photoelectric effect leaving a hole in
the valence band. The internal electric field ensures these separate and are
available to an external circuit |
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Solar cells: animation
Solar cells: animation |
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Solar cells: animation
This interactive animation (a 2Mb Flash file) shows how PV works and how
adjusting design parameters can affect energy output |
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Solar energy explained
Solar energy explained |
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Solar Photovoltaic Cell Solar Photovoltaic Cell animation |
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The power of the
sun The Science of the
Silicon Solar Cell |
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Horizontaal |
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Usefull calculators
related topic:
Space and earth animations |
|
Daylight Hours Explorer Shows the hours of daylight received during the year
for an observer at a given latitude. This is an important factor contributing to
the seasons |
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Light Rays
The angle the light rays from the sun make with the surface of the earth is
called the angle of incidence. When there is a large angle of incidence, the
light rays are spread out over a large area. The strength of the incoming beam
is weakened as far as a small portion of the surface is concerned. When the
light bears straight down on a surface, it isn't spread out at all and the
surface feels the full intensity of the beam |
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Motions
of the Sun Simulator |
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PVGIS
Solar Irradiance Data provides monthly and yearly averages of global
irradiation at horizontal and inclined surfaces, as well as other climatic and
PV-related data (Linke turbidity, ratio diffuse/global irradiation and optimum
inclination angle of the surface) |
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Photovoltaic
system calculator |
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Seasons and Ecliptic Simulator |
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Solar Calculations sun path calculator, XLS file |
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Solar Calculator
Find Sunrise, Sunset, Solar Noon and Solar Position for Any Place on Earth |
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Sun &
earth applet
sunshine applet, this interactive applet displays the position of the sun on horizon for any date, time and location, and on a world
map with day and night regions. The times of sunrise and sunset, the declination, the Greenwich hour angle of the sun and the equation of time are
computed |
|
Sun,
moon &
earth applet
Sun, moon &
earth applet, Shows how the phase of the moon depends on the viewing geometry
by allowing the moon to be viewed from the earth, the sun, and an arbitrary
point in space |
|
Sun Motions Demonstrator Models the motions of the sun in the sky using a
horizon diagram, demonstrating daily and seasonal changes in the sun's position |
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Sun path
This applet models the Sun's path in a geocentric view, it calculates and
visualizes the position of the Sun based on the latitude and the time. It allows
to simulate the Sun's position and path during an hour, a day, a month and a
year |
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Sun path chart
program This program creates sun path charts in Cartesian coordinates for:
(1) "typical" dates of each month (i.e.; days receiving about the mean amount of
solar radiation for a day in the given month); (2) dates spaced about 30 days
apart, from one solstice to the next; or (3) a single date you specify. You can
select whether hours are plotted using local standard time or solar time, Solar
radiation estimation, sun tracking software |
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Sun Path Graph Spreadsheet
This Excel spreadsheet creates a graph of the sun's position for a given time of
day and month of the year for a point on the earth's surface. This type of
sunchart or sun path plot is commonly used for designing solar energy
installations, XLS file |
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Sun position
calculator Calculation of the position of the sun's position in the sky at
one point on the earth at a particular time of day. The calculated data are:
solar angle of zenith and declination angle, the time of rise set and noon, the
daylight with the difference from the previous and later day. It also displays
graphs of the solar path. Sun path charts can be plotted either in Cartesian
(rectanglar) or Polar coordinates |
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Sun
Position Autoupdate |
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Sunshine Applet |
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Sun
View Applet Balegem: lat: 50° 55' 17" N long: 03° 47' 19" E
(50.92142250544292, 3.788588047027588), Brussels: Latitude= 50.85 N; Longitude: 4.37 E |
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The Sun Position in the sky, Apparent motion, What time is it ?, Where are
we ? |
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World Time Zone Calculator |
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World Map
flash earth, Flash Earth is an experimental application for viewing
satellite and aerial imagery of the Earth from multiple mapping websites
inside a single Flash-based interface. It is not designed to be a
fully-fledged mapping application but more for enjoying and exploring images
of our planet, Latitude, Longitude, a tip |
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Horizontaal |
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Last updated on:
2011-01-02
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